The electrical energy storage system is a system that stores electrical energy by converting it into other forms of energy and later converts it back into electrical energy for power supply when needed. It plays a crucial role in power systems by balancing supply and demand variations, improving energy utilization efficiency, and enhancing grid stability and reliability.
Common electrical energy storage systems include electrochemical storage systems, lithium-ion battery storage systems, supercapacitor energy storage systems, flow battery energy storage systems, and hydrogen energy storage systems.
Applications of electrical energy storage systems in power systems include:
Peak shaving:
During periods of significant fluctuations in grid load, electrical energy storage systems can supplement power shortfalls by discharging to enhance power system capacity. Conversely, during low load periods, excess energy can be stored through charging to increase energy utilization efficiency.
Frequency regulation: Electrical energy storage systems can rapidly respond to adjust grid frequency, maintaining the stability of the power system.
Backup power:
Electrical energy storage systems can serve as backup power sources, providing timely energy support in the event of power system faults or outages to maintain the normal operation of critical loads.
Microgrids and distributed energy systems:
Electrical energy storage systems can integrate with distributed energy sources such as solar photovoltaics, wind power generation, etc., to create microgrid systems for self-sufficient energy supply and flexible operation.
In summary, electrical energy storage systems play a vital role in power systems, improving energy utilization efficiency, enhancing grid stability, and facilitating the large-scale adoption of renewable energy sources.